I have deliberately chosen not to include references in the text. One reason being that the book is seen as the story, rather than the history, of the lead miners; another is that many lay readers are put off by a text larded with reference numbers.

In the case of many of the chapters, the content has already been the subject of papers or articles by myself and, or, G. Downs-Rose. These will be readily identified in the bibliography and can be consulted for further reference.

At the same time the book is an historical story, so I have listed the various sources which have been used. In addition, notes and further references for each chapter have been added.

The volume of record relating to the Scots Mines Company tends to dominate the historical record. There is scant primary reference to their successors, and little remains of the reports of the numerous consultants, many of them eminent engineers, who visited the mines.

MANUSCRIPTS.

Allan Ramsay Library MSS. Leadhills. Scots Mines Company Records. (Journals and Bargain Books)

1739 - 1854.

The Gibson Letters.

The Minutes of the Reading Society. 1821 to 1910.

The Curling Club records. 1784 - 1864/1929.

"Instructions to Mr Stirling on going to Leadhills". And

the Hastings MSS. Both as transcribed by Mr David Ford.

List of members. The Leadhills Reading Society.

List of members. The Lodge Hopetoun.

Monumental Inscriptions, Leadhills Burying Ground. (Scottish Genealogical Society.)

The Guildhall Library, London

I have not had the opportunity to examine the Scots Mines Company records in this collection, and

am conscious my research is then incomplete. However, I have seen notes made by Mr David

Ford, and am aware that the MSS was used by Professor Smout in his "Lead Mining in Scotland".

The Mitchell Library.

Strathclyde Regional Archives. Minutes Crawford Parochial Board. 1864 – 1921.

The National Library of Scotland.

Minutes of the Lanarkshire Union of Mineworkers.

The Scottish Record office.

Board of Trade. Records of Dissolved Companies.

Buccleuch Papers.

Home Office Papers.

Kirk Session Minutes. Crawford and Leadhills.

Shields Papers.

Sheriff Court Records. Lanark.

The Wanlockhead Museum Archive. Wanlockhead.

Copies of Buccleuch, Queensberry, and other MSS.

Copies of selected Hopetoun MSS.

In Private Hands.

Bute Papers.

Gillespie & MacAndrew papers.

Hopetoun Papers.

Stirling of Garden papers.

OFFICIAL PUBLICATIONS.

House of Lords Cases, 1859.

Do. Joint Appendix of Evidence, Leadhills Appeal.

Court of Session Cases. 1838-40. 1853-60. 1886-95. 1904-6.

Children's Employment Commission. Mines. PP 1842. Reports to the Commissioners.

ditto The Operation of The Act. 1844.

The Truck Commission. 1872. Minutes of evidence.

Census Returns. Lanarkshire.

The Geological Survey. Notes on Map No.15 (Leadhills), 1871

Memoirs of The Geological Survey. Vol. XVII. Wilson.G.V. Lead Zinc etc Ores of Scotland. 1921.

And Special Reports. Vol. XXXIII. Mineral Resources in Scotland. 1940.

NEWSPAPERS AND PERIODICALS.

Clydesdale Magazine. 1818.

The Democrat. 1886 - 1888.

Dumfries & Galloway Standard. 1833 - 1908.

Dumfries Courier. 1833.

Forward. Various dates.

Glasgow Argus. 1836.

Glasgow Herald. Various dates.

Glasgow Weekly News. 1911.

Hamilton Advertiser. 1856 - 1940.

Hamilton Herald. 1903.

The Lanarkshire. 1910 - 1912.

North British Daily Mail. 1888.

JOURNALS.

Mining Journal. 1847 - 1930.

Mining World. 1908 - 1930.

Scottish Farmer, 1905.

DIRECTORIES.

Pigot's. Slater's. etc

Ordnance Gazetteer of Scotland. Edinburgh. 1882

Dictionary of National Biography.

Catalogue of books in the Allan Ramsay Library, Leadhills, 1985

Catalogue of books in the Miners' Library. Wanlockhead, 1979.

(Both catalogues have been of inestimable value in evaluating the books in the libraries.)

PUBLISHED WORKS.

Abbreviations used.

D&GNH&AS Dumfries and Galloway Natural History and Antiquarian Society.

NMRS Northern Mine Research Society.

Leadhills and Wanlockhead.

"ABG" "A Visit to the Gold Regions", and "A New History of Leadhills".

Gentleman's Magazine. (1853).

Atkinson, Stephen The Discoverie and the Historie of the Gold Mynes in Scotland, 1619.

Bannatyne Club. (1825).

Bremner, D. The Industries of Scotland. (1869).

Brown, J. The Enterkin. (1912).

Brown, J. A History of Sanquhar. (1891).

Brown, R. "The Mines and Minerals of Leadhills". D&GNH&AS. Vol.6, 1918.

do. "More about the Mines and Minerals of Leadhills..." Ibid. Vol.18, 1925.

Brown, T. Annals of the Disruption. (1893).

Burt,R. Waite,P "Scottish Metalliferous Mining". Industrial Archaeology. Vol.16 Nos. 1 & 2, 1981.

& Atkinson,M

Butt, J. Industrial Archaeology of Scotland. (1967).

Chambers, R. Domestic Annals of Scotland. (1859).

Cochran-Patrick, R.W. Early Records relating to Mining in Scotland. Edinburgh. (1878).

Crawford, J. The Society for Purchasing books in Wanlockhead. Scottish Library Association.

& James, S. (1981)

Donnachie, I. Industrial Archaeology of Galloway. (19710.

Downs-Rose, G. "Waterwheel Pumping Engines on the Straitsteps Mine at Wanlockhead"

Memoirs Northern Cavern and Mine Research Society. Vol.2 No.2, 1972.

Downs-Rose, G. A Note on Housing at Wanlockhead. D&GNH&AS. Vol.LIV, 1979.

Downs-Rose, G. "Lead Smelting Sites at Wanlockhead. 1682 - 1934". D&GNH&AS.

& Harvey, W.S.. Wanlockhead and Leadhills Volume. Vol.LIV, 1979.

Downs-Rose, G. "Draining the Wanlockhead Lead Mines". D&GNH&AS. Vol. LIX, 1984.

do. A History of the New Glencrieff Vein, Wanlockhead Dumfriesshire.

Wanlockhead Museum Trust. (1994).

Ewing, W. Annals of the Free Church. (1914).

Forsyth, R. Beauties of Scotland. (1805).

Gilpin, W. Observations in Scotland. (1776).

Goldie, J. Family Recollections. Edinburgh. (1841).

Gracie, T.G. The Grey Glen. Dumfries. (1921).

do Songs and Rhymes. Dumfries. (1921).

Groome, F.H. ed Ordinance Gazetteer. (1883).

Hamilton, W. The Sheriffdom of Lanark. Maitland Club. (1831).

Harkness, J.M. Amongst Scotland's Lead Miners. Dumfries. (1925).

Harvey, W.S. "Lead Mining in 1768". Industrial Archaeology. Vol.7 No.3, 1970.

do "Pumping Engines at the Leadhills Mines." NMRS. British Mining. No 19, 1980.

do "The Strike at the Leadhills Mines, 1836." The Local Historian. Vol.17. No.2, 1986. pp 101-6.

do "Finding out about Holidays." Scottish Local History. No.16, 1988.

do "William Gibson of Leadhills." Ibid. No.18, 1989.

do "The Progress of Trade Unionism at the Leadhills Mines. 1836 - 1914." NMRS.

British Mining. No.39, 1989.

do "Local History from a Library's Shelves." The Local Historian. Vol.19 No.2, 1989. pp.58-62

do "Miners or Crofters." NMRS. British Mining No.43. 1991

do "A Lawsuit and a Miners Wages." ibid.

do "A Scottish Gold Mine." Industrial Heritage. Vol.10. No.1, 1992.

do "Controversy & Contraction. The Water Dispute." NMRS. British Mining. No.48, 1993.

do "Pollution at Leadhills: Responses to domestic and industrial pollution in a mining

community". The Local Historian. Vol.24 No.3, 1994. pp.130-138.

do "The Restless Years: The Leadhills Company Ltd. and the labour disputes at its mines

1903-1929." NMRS. British Mining. No.50, 1994.

Harvey, W.S. "Water Bucket Pumps and the Wanlockhead Engine." Industrial Archaeology.,

& Downs-Rose,G. Vol.10 No.2 1973.

do "The Bay Mine." NMRS. British Mining No.2, 1976.

do "A View of the Lead Mines at Wanlockhead."

D&GNH&AS. Wanlockhead and Leadhills Volume. Vol.LIV, 1979.

do William Symington. (1980).

do "The First Steam Engine at the Leadhills Mines." NMRS. British Mining. No.28, 1985

do "Miners Bargains." NMRS. British Mining. No.34, 1987.

do "A Note on the Construction of Houses at Wanlockhead." Vernacular Buildings 11. Scottish

Vernacular Buildings Working Group. (1987).

Hatchett, C. A Tour Through England and Scotland in 1796. Ed Arthur Raistrick. (1967).

Heron, R. Observations .. journey through .. Scotland in the Autumn of 1792. Edinburgh. (1793).

Hunter, J. "The Silurian Districts of Leadhills and Wanlockhead."Trans Geological Soc. of Glasgow.

Vol.7, 1888.

Ireland, A. The Leadhills and Wanlockhead Light Railway. Alastair Ireland. 1990.

Irvine, G.V. The Upper Ward of Lanarkshire. (1864).

& Murray, A.

Kaufman, Paul. "A Library of Diggers." Libri.

do. "Community Libraries in Scotland." Bib. Society of America. Vol.59, 1965.

Ker, J. A Day in the Upper Ward. (1880).

Jamie, D. John Hope. (1907).

Jenkins, Rhys. Bevis Bulmer. Notes and Queries, 1911.

Johnson, Bryan. A View of the Agriculture of Dumfries. (1794).

Johnston, T.A. A Very Parochial Anthology. Sanquhar Museum. (nd)

Levitt, I. Government and Social Conditions. (1988).

MacKay, R.A. The Leadhills Wanlockhead Mining District. Symposium. Non Ferrous Mining in

Scotland. Institute of Mining and Metallurgy. (1959).

McLean, Angus. ed. Local Industries of the West of Scotland. British Association. (1901).

Martineau, H. "News of an Old Place." Household Words, 1852.

Mitchell, J.O. James Stirling. in Old Glasgow Essays. (1905).

Mitchell, John. "The Wanlockhead Lead Mines." In Mining Magazine. Vol. XXI. 1919.

Nasmith, J. A View of the Agriculture of Clydesdale. (1808).

Pennant, T. A Tour in Scotland. (1779).

Porteous, J. Moir. God's Treasure House. (1876).

Ramsay, John Scotland & Scotsmen of the Eighteenth century. (Allardyce. ed. 1888.)

Scott, Huw. Fasti Ecclisiae Scoticanae. (1920).

Scottish History Society. Miscellany III. 1919. Diaries of Sir James Hope.

do. Proceedings of Commission of General Assembly. Vols.1 & 2, 1896.

Shaw, J. Water Power in Scotland. (1984).

Singer, W. View of the Agriculture of Dumfries. (Edinburgh 1812)

Smillie, R. My Life for Labour. (1924).

Smout, T. Leadmining in Scotland. in P.Payne. Studies in Scottish Business History. (1967).

do. "The Lead Mines of Wanlockhead." Trans. D&GNH&AS. Vol. 39. 1962.

Statistical Accounts of Scotland. (OSA & NSA) Crawford and Sanquhar Parishes.

Temple, A.K. "Leadhills and Wanlockhead Lead and Zinc Deposits." Trans. Royal Soc. of Edinburgh.

Vol.63, 1955.

Tweedie, C. James Stirling. (1924).

Ure,A. Ures Dictionary of Arts Manufactures and Mines. R.Hunt and F.W.Rudler. eds. (1878).

Wallace, R. ed. A Country Schoolmaster. (1899).

Watson, J. The History of Crauford Muir. Edinburgh Geological Society. Vol.13, 1937. p.98.

Williams, J. The Natural History of the Mineral Kingdom. (1810).

Williams, J. 18th Century Property Lists, D&GNH&AS. Vol.LIV, 1979.

Wilson, J. Contributions to the History of Lanarkshire. (1937).

Wilson, J. Report Country Medical Officer for Lanarkshire. (1910).

Wilson, M. "A Leadhills Diary for 1745." Trans D&GNH&AS. Wanlockhead and Leadhills Volume.

Vol.LIV, 1979.

Wordsworth, D. Recollections of a Tour made in Scotland in 1803. Journals of Dorothy Wordsworth.

Ed W. Knight. (1934).

Published References. Misc.

Allison, A. My Life and Writings. (1883).

Arnot,R.P History of the Scottish Miners. (1955).

Best, G. Mid-Victorian Britain. 1851-75. (Fontana 1979).

Briggs, A. ed Essays in Labour History. (1972).

Brown. Callum. Social History of Religion in Scotland. (1987).

Burt, R. The British Leadmining Industry. (1984).

do. ed. Essays on Cornish Mining. (1969).

Campbell, A. The Lanarkshire Miners. (1979).

do. "Independent Collier to Militant Miner." Scottish Labour History Journal. No.24, 1989.

Chadwick, E. The Sanitary Condition of the Labouring Population. (1842).

Chitnis, A. The Scottish Enlightenment. (1976).

Clegg, H.A. General Union. (1954).

Collins, J.M. Principals of Metal Mining. (1875).

Cowan, I.B. The Scottish Covenanters. (1975).

Devine, T. Farm Servants. (1984).

Devine, T. People and Society in Scotland. Vol.1. (1989).

and Mitchison, R. eds.

Dodgshon, D.A. Land and Society in Scotland. (1981).

Duckham, B.F. A History of the Scottish Coal Industry. (1970).

Foster, C.L'N. Ore and Stone Mining. (1905).

Fraser, W.H. People and Society in Scotland. Vol.2. (1990).

and Morris, J.R. eds.

George, D. England in Transition. Penguin. (1953).

Gough, J. The Mines of Mendip. (1930).

Gregory, C.E. A Concise History of Mining. (1980).

Griffiths, J.S. "The Influence of Lead Mines upon Land and Livestock." Journal Agricultural Science.

Vol.9. 1919.

Hall, T. Lead Ores. Imperial Institute Monograph. (1921).

Hammond, J.& B. The Skilled Labourer. (1919).

Handley, J. The Irish in Scotland. (Cork 1943).

do The Navvy in Scotland. (Cork 1970)

Hastings, R.P. "Strikes without a Union." Durham County Local History Society. Bulletin No 27, 1981.

Hobsbawm, E.J. "General Labour Unions." Economic History Review. No.1, 1948.

do. Labouring Men. (1964).

Hugh-Jones, W. "A Strike at Talargoch Lead-Mine." Trans. Flintshire Historical Society. Vol.16, 1956.

Hunt, C.J Leadminers of the Northern Pennines. (1971).

Johnson, T. History of the Working Classes in Scotland. (1920).

Lewis, W.J. Leadmining in Wales. (1967).

Lindsay, J. North Wales Slate Industry. (1974).

Makey, W. The Church of the Covenant. 1979.

Moore, R.S. Religion as a Source of Variance. in Bulmer. M. ed. Working class Images of Society.

(1975).

Notestein, W. The Scot in History. (1946).

Pelling, H. A History of British Trade Unionism. (1981).

Pollard, S. Genesis of Modern Management. (1965).

Price, L.L. West Barbary. In Burt ed. Essays on Cornish Mining. (1969)

Pryde, G.S. A History of Scotland. Vol. 2. (1962).

Raistrick, A Two Centuries of Industrial Welfare. (1930).

Raistrick, A. A History of Lead Mining in the Pennines. (1965).

& Jennings, B.

Roy, D. Land People and Politics. (1976).

Rule, J. "Methodism and Chartism among Cornish Miners." Bulletin. Society for the Study of

Labour History. No.22, 1971.

Samuel, R. ed. Village Life and Labour. (1975).

Samuel, R. Miners, Quarrymen and Saltworkers. (1977).

Simpson, R. Traditions of the Covenanters. (1879).

Smith, G.G The Book of Islay. (1895).

Smout, T.C. A History of the Scottish People. (Fontana 1969).

do. A Century of the Scottish People. (1986).

do. Planned Villages. in Phillipson N. and Mitchison R.eds. Scotland in the Age of

Improvement. (1970).

Sopwith, T. An Account of the Mining District of Alston Moor. (1833).

Thorburn, J.A. "The Talargoch Mine." NMRS. British Mining, No.31, 1986.

Williams, C.J. "Leadminers of Flintshire and Denbyshire." Journal Welsh Labour History Society.

Vol. 3, 1980.

Wilson, A. Chartist Movement in Scotland. (1970).

Wyman, M. Hard Rock Epic. Univ. of California Press. (1979).

Young, J.D. The Rousing of the Scottish Working Class. (1979)

NOTES.

Authors not otherwise defined will be found in the bibliography.

Chapter 1.

The remark "a slow and painful process" is also found in Pelling. Cossans' remarks on the significance of the relics of lead mines are in his "BP Book of Industrial Archaeology", David & Charles. (1987).

The quotations are from.

W.Howitt, The Boys Country Book. (1880).

George Borrow, Wild Wales. (1862)

S & B.Webb. History of Trade Unionism. (1894).

The Hastings MSS.

R.Reid. "Wanlock" in Poems Songs and Sonnets. (Paisley 1894).

The lines beginning "The bold peasantry ." are from the Hastings MSS. (See also Chapter 9.)

Dorothy Wordsworth.

The reference to Talargoch is from J.A.Thorburn.

For Burns see Campbell. J.R. Robert Burns -The Democrat-. (1958).

For the references to the Covenanters see - J.Brown, a History of Sanquhar.

Aiton W. The Reincounter at Drumclog. (1821).

Callum Brown. Social History of Religion in Scotland. (1987).

And George Hewitt, Reformation to Revolution, in Ian Donnachie and Chris. Whatley, eds. The Manufacture of Scottish History. (Polygon. 1992).

Chapter 2.

Much of the early history of the lead mines is from Cochran Patrick. Also T.C.Smout, Lead-mining in Scotland.

For further details of gold workings see R.M.Callender, Gold in Britain. (Goldsprear 1990). And my "A Scottish Gold Mine."

One of Sir James Hope's diaries is transcribed in Scottish History Society. Miscellany III, 1919.

The reference to the Nutberry Hill mines is from "the Leadhills Diary".

I am indebted to Mr Don Aldridge for details of Henry Kalmeter's visit to Leadhills.

For details of Joseph Black's visit, see my "A Scottish Gold Mine."

For reference to Popham's social reforms See Dict. Nat. Biography.

For John Taylor see Wanlockhead Museum Booklet "Men of the Lowther Hills I".

The details of John Cameron are from an obituary notice now in the Wanlockhead Museum archive.

The Clarke quotation is from J.Adams. Miners of the Lakeland Fells. (1988).

Details of the Enterkin rescue are from David Ford. "Enterkin and the Covenanters." D&GNH&AS Vol.XXXVI, 1957-8.

The connection between Renwick and Leadhills is made in the title to his Informatory Vindication ..etc., which was " Written at the Lead Hills". (At that time the Lead Hills referred to all the moorlands around the present Leadhills and Wanlockhead.)

For reference to the return of the Prince's army, see W.B.Blaikie. The Itinerary of Prince Charles Edward Stuart. (1975).

Figures for the price of lead are taken from Lewis or Burt. Op cit.

Chapter 3

For details of the weights and measures used in the mines, see Appendix 3.

Mine workings are variously referred to as Adits. Drifts. Galleries. Gates. Grooves, Levels, etc. I have used "level" in a generic sense, "adit" where the level came to the surface, and "drift" where it is unclear if it was a level or a stoped vein.

I am again indebted to Mr Don Aldridge for details of Gabriel Jars' visit to Leadhills.

Those lead smelters which used water wheels to power the bellows were always called "mills".

Stirling's paper on his trompe is in Transactions of the Royal Society. Vol.43, 1744-5. There is also a reference in Shaw op cit. Reference to the various office books used by the Scots Mines Co. is from evidence in the Process, Lowrie V. Borron. Lanark Sheriff Court. The only office books still extant are the Journals and Bargain Books.

Chapter 4A.

Reference to the mines at Bangor, Co. Down is from A.Woodrow." A History of the Conlig & Whitespots Lead Mines." NRMS. British Mining No.7, 1978.

Details of the Chandler Scale are from Dave Thorburn. "Gender Work and Schooling in the Plaiting Villages." Local Historian. Vol.19 No 3, August 1989.

The quotation is from Henry Cockburn, Memorials of his time. (1856).

References to child labour are from George.D.

Chapter 4B.

For references to fireplaces, see The Hearth in Scotland. Fenton. A. (Scottish Vernacular Working Group 1981).

I am indebted to Mrs Greta Clark of Leadhills for the opportunity to examine Adam Stewart's ledger.

For the health of metal miners see:- Williams R.A. "The High Mortality of British Metal and Slate Miners." NRMS. British Mining. Vol.34, 1989.

The reference to Australia is from Blainey G. The Rush that Never Ended. (1974).

The reference to the accident in 1817 is from Braid. James. "Account of the Fatal Accident at the Leadhills Company's mines, 1817." Edinburgh Medical & Surgical Journal. 1817. And Glasgow Herald. March 7th 1817.

Chapter 5A.

References to the Sanquhar declarations are from Crookshank. W History of the State and Suffering of the Church of Scotland. 1751. See also Aiton and Kay. The reference to the Macmillanites is from Heron. See also OSA.

All the Reading Society Minute Books were extant in 1905 but only those from 1821 now remain.

I am much indebted to Mr John Crawford for access to his MA Thesis. The Origins and Development of Societal Library Activity in Scotland. University of Strathclyde, 1981.

References to Allan Ramsay the poet are from the Scottish Text Society collection of his works. See also H.Harvey Wood. Scottish Literature. (1952).

For Wodrow's attack on Ramsay's library, see his Analecta. Vol 3. (1842).

I am indebted John Crawford, and also to Dr. J.R.R.Adams of the Ulster Folk Museum, for details of the Irish Society.

Burns comments are in Craig.D. Scottish Literature and the Scottish People. (1961)

Reference to Stirling's lectures in London is from Hans. N.

Trends in Education in the Eighteenth Century. (1951).

Chapter 5B.

The reference to the performance of the Gentle Shepherd at Leadhills is in the Hamilton Advertiser,

For details of the Rifle Volunteers, see Orr.J. The 7th Lanarkshire Rifle Volunteers. (1878).

Chapter 6.

Further details of the Gibsons are from the 1851 Census. and from the inscription on their grave at Leadhills.

That Robert shared a bed is based on his father's reference to the other lodger as a "bedfellow".

Details of Gibson's earnings are based on my own research in the Bargain Books.

The reference to diet is from Sir Frederick Eden. The State of the Poor, Edited by A.G.L.Rogers. (1928).

Details of the Tennants are from a family bible now in the possession of Mrs Greta Clarke, Leadhills.

Chapter 7.

I am indebted to Mr J.Borron of Culcheth for details of the Borron family.

John Muir's letters and other MSS relating to J.A. Borron's affairs are in the Bute Muniments, Dumfries House. I am much indebted to the Archivist, Mr A.Hunter, for copies. I am also indebted to G.Downs-Rose for his transcripts of the Borron - Stewart letters

The reference to Islay is from Callender R.M and Macaulay. J. "The Ancient Metal Mines of the Isle of Islay." NRMS. British Mining No. 24. 1984. And that to Borron at Tyndrum is in a letter, Borron - Ford, 26th June, 1838. Joint Appendix of Evidence.

For reference to weights, see John Clelland. Weights and Measures of Glasgow and the Upper Ward. (1822).

References to the accident are in the Glasgow Herald, July 28, 1837, as well as the Mine Journal of that year.

Chapter 8.

The strike of 1836 was featured in my piece in The Local Historian 1986, but now benefits from further research..

For the further references to Alison see Mitchison R. Life in Scotland. (1978).

The only reference found to The 96th. appears to equate them to The King's Lancashire Regiment.

Research on the miners working before and after the strike was part of a Local History Workshop, "A Muster of Miners."

I am indebted to Mr Ian Forbes of Killhope for the comment on the Allenheads strike of 1849.

The union at Rigside is referred to by Campbell. And the reference to the Lanarkshire Chartists is from Chadwick.

Details of the Scots Mines Company directive are among the papers in the Lanark Sheriff Court Processes, Lowrie versus Borron..

Details of John Stewart's prosecution are in the Lanark Sheriff Court Jury Records. And the Lowries case is in the Court Processes. See also my "A Lawsuit and a Miner's Wages."

Chapter 9.

I am indebted to G.Downs-Rose and John Hall for the references to Matthias Dunn. Other details of his life can be found in 'A Diary of Matthias Dunn'. Local Historian, Vol. 16. No. 7. 1985, and also "Coal Mines Inspectors" in NRMS. British Mining. No.48, p.152

There is reference to a Joseph Wilson working Hudgil in Raistrick and Jennings.

The reference to William Beckwith is from his letter of the 30th September, 1840. Buccleuch papers, Scottish Record Office.

A brief biography of James Martin is in the Wanlockhead leaflet Men of Lowther II.

One of the verses in the Miner's Song is from Goldsmith's The Deserted Village, but the connection, if any, is unknown.

There is an emotive illustration in the Annals of the Disruption of the Free Church worshippers at the 'Hass. And further details of the services there can be found in Brown's A History of Sanquhar.

I am indebted to H.Gilbert Nicol for .advising me of the details of the five miners in the Wanlockhead Census Returns

For T.B.Stewart's paper on the siphon, see Transactions of the Royal Society of Arts. Session 1857-58. Also, Downs-Rose, "Draining the Wanlockhead Mines."

Chapter 10.

A survey of the eighteenth century leats is in 'The Leadhills Water Courses 1772.' Hopetoun MSS.

References to the cases relating to the water dispute can be found in my paper "Controversy & Contraction".

For further details of flowering see. Swann.M.H. The Flowerers. (1955).

Chapter 11.

A copy of the General Rules of the Leadhills Mines is in the library there.

The reference to textile mills is from Pollard.

For reference to dwarfie floors etc see WSH and GD-R Vernacular Housing

I am indebted to Mrs Jenny Kay of Leadhills for reference to the miner Thomas Hope.

The conference of 1860 was organised by the Association of Social Science.

The verse by the Cornish miner is from Rule.

Part of a transcript of one of the 1853 letters is in the Wanlockhead Museum Archive, but the other has not come to light

For reference to the death of Janet Miller, see Gracie. Songs & Rhymes.

Reference to the use of mass concrete can be found in my paper, "Mass Concrete". Industrial Archaeology. Vol.15/4, 1980.

For the Watson / Waters connection See Brook.F and Allbutt M. The Shropshire Lead Mines. (1973).

Chapter 12.

The tunnel on the tramway to Raikhead once had a keystone with the legend "Opened 1882. Built by Daling & Moffat in 1886" sic.

Reid's verse is in his Poems Songs and Sonnets. Paisley 1894.

The references to sanitation etc are taken from the Crawford Parochial records.

For reference to Keir Hardie, see biographies by W.Stewart, (1921) and K.O.Morgan, (1957).

For details of the Leadhills Crofters, see my "Miners or Crofters." Reference to Kindly Tenants can be found in Dodgshon.

I am indebted to Mr Brian Farrington and Madame Constance Ramillon for helpful comment on Irish politics in the 1880s.

The quotation re Clancy is from O'Day, A. Parnell and Home Rule.

References to radical books in the library can be found in my "Local History from a Library's Shelves".

The only reference to founding of the Scottish Labour Party seems to be in D.Lowe's, Souvenirs of Scottish Labour. However it does not record the names of the founder members.

The reference to Cornish Miners is from the Western Morning News and quoted in Price.

The reference to the North East Co-operative is from Cole.

For reference to the Windgate see my "A Scottish Gold Mine."

The Hozier bracelet is at this time on loan to the Library.

For references to Swedenborgians see Hobsbawn. E.J. Age of Revolution. (1962). and also Pierson S. British Socialists. (1979).

I am indebted to Alastair Ireland and Iain Russell for details of the Leadhills railway and Robert McAlpine & Son.

Reference to the Greenside mines is from Adams.J. Mines of the Lake District Fells. (1988).

Chapter 13.

The foundations of the Daisy Bell engine were uncovered during landscaping by the Scottish Development Agency, but were subsequently demolished by them.

I am indebted to Geoff Downs-Rose for research on the Fraser MSS.

For details of the machinery at the Bay Mine. see Harvey & Downs-Rose, The Bay Mine.

I was able to study the activities of the Union of GW&GL in Scotland, during a Labour History Workshop: Labour Unrest in the West of Scotland. Univ. Strathclyde, 1989-1990.

References to events during the strike are from the Glasgow Herald, Forward, and also the Glasgow Weekly News. The account of the speeches at the rally is from the report in The Lanarkshire.

For further references to the 1909 and later disputes see my paper "The Restless Years".

Chapter 14.

The details of mining at Wanlockhead are from Mitchell.

References to Peter Watson are from Booker F. The Industrial Archaeology of the Tamar Valley. (1970), and from an obituary in the Mining World.

Gracie's lines on the pit pony are from his To A Pit Pony, in A Very Parochial Anthology.

The reference to the meeting re the Russian Revolution is from the LUM Minutes.

A copy of the Wanlockhead Roll of Honour is in the Library there.

Reference to the Halkyn level is from Lewis.

Details of Millclose can be found in Millclose, A Mine that Drowned. L.Willies. K.Gregory. H.Parker. (1989).

Details of the Wanlockhead union meeting are from a notebook once belonging to Gracie. I am indebted to Geoff Downs-Rose for details.

The Reports of Collins and Woakes are among the Hopetoun Papers.

I am indebted to Geoff Downs-Rose for details of the Brown / Fraser dispute.

While attending the 1993 NAHMO Conference in the Isle of Man, my son George learnt of a collection of papers relating to the Leadhills Mining Company partnership. I am greatly indebted to Pete Geddes for making them available and they have now been deposited in the Wanlockhead Museum Archive.

Further details are from the Scottish Record Office Records of Dissolved Companies.

-- O --